Case Study · Fictional teaching example

AI-Assisted Protocol Review

Reference findings, false positives, false negatives, critical misses, source verification, and reviewer performance in one controlled evaluation.

Author
Sandip Thorat
Published
12 September 2026
Last reviewed
12 September 2026
Version
1.0
Content type
Practitioner guidance
Primary references
See related regulations, guidance, and approved procedures

Standard case study record

Scope and decision fields

Read these fields before the detailed worked case. All organizations, identifiers, test outcomes, and decisions are fictional teaching material.

GxP Assessment
The AI assistant proposes validation-protocol review comments but cannot approve the protocol or create a Quality finding. Parsing, source retrieval, critical-miss performance, and reviewer disposition are GxP-relevant.
Change or Issue
The evaluation must determine whether source-linked potential issues improve review without hiding critical omissions or overloading reviewers with false positives.
Functions Affected
  • Document parsing
  • Requirement and procedure retrieval
  • Potential-issue generation
  • Source display
  • Qualified reviewer disposition
Potential Impact
A missed critical acceptance criterion or an unsupported review comment could weaken protocol approval and later validation evidence.
Deviations / Known Issues
The fictional study misses one obsolete acceptance-limit reference in a scanned table. That format remains manual-review only until parsing and critical-miss retest meet the predefined criteria.

Situation

An AI-assisted reviewer proposes comments on validation protocols. Qualified reviewers decide whether each comment becomes a Quality finding; the assistant cannot approve a protocol.

Intended Use

The assistant identifies potential missing approvals, inconsistent identifiers, weak acceptance criteria, traceability gaps, and unsupported conclusions in permitted document formats. Every potential issue must show the source passage and requires reviewer disposition.

Failure Scenarios

  • A critical omission is not identified.
  • A correct statement is reported as an issue.
  • An obsolete procedure is retrieved.
  • A plausible comment cites the wrong passage.
  • A reviewer accepts fluent output without checking the source.

Existing Controls and Evidence

Source documents are read-only, approved references are versioned, outputs are labeled as potential issues, reviewers can accept, reject, clarify, or mark not applicable, and final approval remains outside the tool.

Testing Approach

Use an independently labeled reference set stratified by document type, format, issue type, and criticality. Measure correct findings, false positives, false negatives, precision, recall, critical misses, source correctness, and final reviewer decisions. Challenge scanned tables, missing pages, conflicting sources, prompt injection, and repeated execution. Test reviewers under representative workload.

Deviations and Validation Conclusion

In this fictional evaluation, the combined process misses one critical obsolete-limit reference in a scanned table. That format remains manual-review only. The team corrects source-version display and parsing, then repeats the affected challenge set with independent reviewers before expanding use.

Reassessment Criteria

Reassess model, prompt, parser, retrieval, source corpus, document type, interface, reviewer workflow, critical-miss threshold, or supplier-service changes.